The main reasons for weight loss - is to increase energy, loss of nutrients in the feces or urine and malnutrition. These reasons may be combined. The most common cause - is malnutrition due to loss of appetite, impaired patency of the esophagus or impared patency of the stomach due to stricture, or compression of germination malignancy. Energy costs are rising at a thyrotoxicosis, pheochromocytoma, and considerable physical exertion. Loss of nutrients commonly associated withglucosuria when diabetes or steatorrhea in the syndromes of malabsorption. The most common cause of steatorrhea - a chronic pancreatitis with the alcoholism; moreover, malabsorption may accompany intestinal lymphoma, celiac disease, tumor of the islet cells (somatostatin, gastrinoma),radiation damage, obstruction of the biliary tract, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease and many other diseases.
Although all of the studies found patients losing weight for no apparent reason, a significant intentional weight loss almost always talking about serious illness. Even if the initial examination did not reveal any pathology, patient care should be monitored regularly and periodically repeat the survey, as many diseases that lead to weight loss, can occur for a long time hidden.
Weight loss, combined with increased appetite often occurs in diabetes, thyrotoxicosis, andsyndromes of malabsorption. Leukemia, lymphoma, and Hodgkin's disease is also sometimes accompanied by weight loss at normal or increased appetite.
Reasons for weight loss in large prospective studies have not yet been studied, and five retrospective studies conducted since 1981, have included too few patients, so all the results suggestive. The most likely diagnosis in young people - is diabetes, hyperthyroidism, anorexianervosa, and infectious diseases, especially HIV infection. Older significant weight loss is most often associated with malignant tumors, and in second place with a large backlog are mental illnesses,such as Alzheimer's disease and depression.
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